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Chicago Style Quick Guide

Musical Recordings

For musical recordings, include the date of the recording, or the copyright/published date, or both. If a date or other information cannot be found, consult the library catalog or other resource.  For streaming audio formats and downloads, list the service or the file format. 

 

Note

1. Ludwig van Beethoven, Piano Sanata no. 29 ("Hammerklavier"), with Rudolf  Serkin (piano), recorded December 8-10, 1969, and December 14-15, 1970. Sony Classics, 2005. MP3.

 

Bibliography

Beethoven, Ludwig van. Piano Sanata no. 29 ("Hammerklavier"). With Rudolf Serkin (piano). Recorded December 8-10, 1969, and December 14-15, 1970. Sony Classics, 2005. MP3.

See Chicago Manual 14.263

Musical Scores

Published musical scores are treated as books. 

 

Note

1. Giuseppe Verdi, Giovanna d'Arco, dramma lirico in four acts, libretto by Temistocle Solera, ed. Alberto Rizzuti, 2 vols., Works of Giuseppe Verdi, ser. 1, Operas (Chicago: University of Chicago Press; Milan: G. Ricordi, 2008).

 

Bibliography

Verdi, Giuseppe. Giovanna d'Arco, dramma lirico in four acts, libretto by Temistocle Solera, ed. Alberto Rizzuti, 2 vols. Works of Giuseppe Verdi, ser. 1, Operas. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; Milan: G. Ricordi, 2008.

 

See Chicago Manual 14.255

Live Music Performances

Live performances cannot be consulted by readers. Therefore, it's usually sufficient to mention details in the text or notes rather than in a bibliography. Include the name of the composer/writer/performer, the title of the work in italics, and information about the work like the name and location of the venue, and the date of the performance. 

 

Note

1. Simone Dinnerstein, pianist, Intermezzo in A, op. 118, no. 2, by Johannes Brahms, Portland Center for the Performing Arts, Portland, OR, January 15, 2012. 

2. Hamilton, music and lyrics by Lin-Manuel Miranda, dir. Thomas Kail, chor. Andy Blakenbuelher, Richard Rogers Theatre, New York, NY, February 2, 2016.

 

Bibliography

Usually not cited in bibliography.

See Chicago Manual 14.267, 14.261